The racket doesn't make a big difference, it's mostly the player itself that makes the difference. But a big factor is how often you play.
If you play once or twice a week, a racket can last a few years. But if you play a lot it might be done after 6 months.
Sometimes one bad hit on the ground, fence, glass, or collision with a team mates racket can break it.
Generally, softer rackets wear out faster, because a softer core gets compressed more and with every compression it will get small tears and lose a fraction of it's capacity. The surface layers(carbon, fiberglass,..) also influence the hardness of the racket.
A harder racket doesn't get compressed that much and will last longer, but it will be harder on your arm as it doesn't absorb as much forces.